Dart-out: A pedestrian crash type characterized by the pedestrian entering the street midblock and being struck by a moving vehicle. It is one of the eight crash types defined by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration that accounts for 70% of all collisions.
Design Guideline: A standard or principle by which to make a judgment in elements of form, color, texture, material, rhythm or pattern.
Density: The quantity or number of dwelling units or separate structures per unit (usually anacre).
Destination: The location to which a person is going.
Driveway Crossing: A break in the continuity of a sidewalk or walkway along a street to allow driveway access by vehicles.
Edge: The linear elements not used or considered as paths by the observer; the boundaries between two phases, linear breaks in continuity such as shores, railroad cuts, edges of development, walls.
Effective Walkway Width: The portion of the pedestrian path that is not obstructed by barriers such as utilities, slower pedestrians, people waiting, furniture, building elements or plant material.
FHWA: Federal Highway Administration.
Footcandle: A unit of illumination produced on a surface, all points of which are one (1) foot from a uniform point source of one (1) candle.
Generator: Entities or businesses which are the casual effect for drawing pedestrian traffic.
Human Scale: A scale of surroundings that is proportional to the human comfort level.
Intensity: In this document, the quantity of use.
Intrinsic Sense of Security: Feeling of being safe in an area due to a person.s familiarity and sense of belonging to the area.
Landmark: A prominent or well-known object in a particular landscape that is easily recognized, especially one that can be used to judge ones location.
Linkage: A walkway connection, usually between two activity generators.
MUTCD: Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. The MUTCD contains standards for traffic control devices that regulate, warn, and guide road users along the highways and byways in all 50 States. Traffic control devices are important because they optimize traffic performance, promote uniformity nationwide, and help improve safety by reducing the number and severity of traffic crashes.
Node: An open area on the walkway that is the strategic spot (point) in a community or neighborhood into which an observer can enter.
Off-street Parking: Parking areas which are separated from the roadway by a curb, wall, median or other means of separation.
On-street Parking: Parallel or diagonal parking situated adjacent to the roadway and without separation between traffic flow and parking.
One Footcandle Lighting Level: Assumed sufficient for public spaces, it is equal to the amount of direct light thrown by one international candle on a surface one foot away.
Origin: Location where a person came from.
Pedestrian: A person walking, jogging, or otherwise journeying on foot (including persons in wheelchairs or using other assistive
Pedestrian Area: A location used by persons afoot, inclusive of the walkway, the roadway, and the adjacent surroundings or uses.
Pedestrian-activated Feature: An electronic device such as a button or lever used by the pedestrian at a traffic light to activate the crossing signal.
