Vertical curbs shall be a 4-inch (0.1m) minimum height to be safe to inhibit cars from climbing curbs. Curbs do not have to be connected to the walkway except at transit stops. Rolled curbs are not recommended because cars can 'jump' the curb easier or park on the sidewalk.
Bollards
Bollards can be used as a vertical element to separate pedestrians from traffic.
Minimum height = 42 inches (1.1m)
Maximum spacing = 60 inches (1.5m)
Protective Barriers
In some situations, protective barriers may be desirable to separate pedestrians from traffic. These are most typically found on bridges or in tunnels.
Buildings
Buildings act as a vertical separation in situations where the pedestrian facility is completely, or almost completely, separated from roadways by buildings, such as plazas or pocket parks.
